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<h2><br /><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Project Description</span></strong></h2>
<div><strong><br />Completed:&nbsp;</strong> &nbsp; &nbsp; 2019</div>
<div><strong>Builder:</strong>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; PCH</div>
<p><br />The original project site schematic is shown below:</p>
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<h2><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Project Location</span></strong></h2>
<div><br />Use the two Google Maps below to see geographically where the project is located, and also an interactive street view to give you an idea of the project in its surroundings.</div>
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<p style="text-align: center;"><iframe style="border: 0;" src="https://www.google.com/maps/embed?pb=!1m18!1m12!1m3!1d3321.0848487822095!2d151.3183676!3d-33.6549633!2m3!1f0!2f0!3f0!3m2!1i1024!2i768!4f13.1!3m3!1m2!1s0x6b0d53492a78033b%3A0x37e27759859fb83d!2s2%20Foamcrest%20Ave%2C%20Newport%20NSW%202106!5e0!3m2!1sen!2sau!4v1693290899844!5m2!1sen!2sau" width="600" height="450" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" loading="lazy"></iframe><br /><br /><iframe style="border: 0;" src="https://www.google.com/maps/embed?pb=!4v1693303458439!6m8!1m7!1sRsE2_I5gTdZxsETr1NVJ1g!2m2!1d-33.65514108944817!2d151.3184969236494!3f332.57469660362017!4f-9.382257951260456!5f0.7820865974627469" width="600" height="450" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" loading="lazy"></iframe></p>
<p><br />Please feel free to contact us to discuss this project in more detail by using the form below.</p>
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Project Address:  2-4 Foamcrest Avenue, Newport

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NJB Surveying v1.0

njbsurveying.com.au

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<p style="text-align: left;">NJB Surveying is a company which implements the latest in industry advancements to achieve the desired work with little hassle. Our goal is to elevate our standards to one day lead the industry in the field of surveying while maintaining our attention to customer relations.</p>
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<p>We are surveyors based in Sydney, who offer their services throughout the whole of New South Wales. We have the most up to date modern Survey equipment and the latest in computer technology.</p>
<p>We measure and map surrounding environment using mathematics, specialised technology and equipment.</p>
<p>We work in the office and in the field. Out in the field, we use the latest technology such as high order GPS, Robotic Total Stations (Theodolites), and aerial and terrestrial scanners to map an area, making computations and taking photos as evidence. In the office, we use sophisticated software, such as Auto-cad to draft plans and map the onsite measurements.</p>
<p>We work on a diverse variety of projects from land subdivision and major construction, which means no two days are the same. We are experts in determining land size and measurement. We also give advice and provide information to guide the work of engineers, architects and developers.</p>
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About Us

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<h2>We always welcome feedback from our clients and partners, so please feel free to send comments on the quality of our service and your experience of working with NJB Surveying using the form below.</h2>

Client Testimonials - what our clients are saying about NJB Surveying

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<div>NJB Surveying observes all occupational health and safety standards and practices as it is essential for ensuring the safety and well being of our employees and clients.</div>
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<div>All our staff hold a Work Cover OH&amp;S White Cards.</div>
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<div>We are able to prepare Safe Work Method Statements for individual site requirements.</div>
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<div>NJB Surveying has Workers Compensation, Public Liability and Professional Indemnity insurances in place.<br /><br /><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="https://s3-ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/comark-user-uploads/64eca8597f85e87d37489248.jpg" alt="Image" width="70%" /></div>

Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) Policy

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Privacy Policy

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<p style="text-align: left;">Please refer our standard Terms and Conditions as set out below:</p>
<ol>
<li>A minimum of 2-3 business days is required when arranging bookings and it is essential that fully dimensioned plans be provided to our office in PDF and DWG format if necessary.<br /><br /></li>
<li>Payment in full is required prior to release of all plans and documents relating to the above-mentioned proposal.<br /><br /></li>
<li>Where work is delayed by others beyond our control for more than 4 weeks or where the work is cancelled after commencement has been authorized, we reserve the right to invoice for costs associated with initiating the work and work already completed.<br /><br /></li>
<li>Payment of full amount must be made within 14 days of the invoice issued date. A 2% penalty on the total sum owing may be enforced per month on any outstanding fees.<br /><br /></li>
<li>In the event of payment default, the client shall be held responsible for all costs and disbursements incurred (including solicitor and collection agency costs).<br /><br /></li>
<li>The client agrees to indemnify NJB Surveying Pty Ltd against all and any loss arising as a result of delays in the approval of plans or granting of consents which are beyond the reasonable control of a surveyor.<br /><br /></li>
<li>Either party may terminate this agreement by serving of notice in writing and sent either by post or email. Verbal termination will not be acceptable.</li>
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<h3>NJB Surveying works across all property sectors including residential and commercial -- we are surveyors based in Sydney and offer services throughout the whole of New South Wales.<br /><br /></h3>
<h3>We have the most up to date modern Survey equipment and the latest in computer technology. We measure and map surrounding environment using mathematics, specialised technology and equipment.</h3>
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<h3>We work in the office and in the field. Out in the field, we use the latest technology such as high order GPS, Robotic Total Stations (Theodolites), and aerial and terrestrial scanners to map an area, making computations and taking photos as evidence. In the office, we use sophisticated software, such as Auto-cad to draft plans and map the onsite measurements.</h3>
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Service Offerings

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<h2>If you are uncertain about which survey is appropriate for your specific requirements, please do not hesitate to contact us and we will gladly assist you in determining the most suitable survey for your needs. You can also refer to the information below to assist with determining your needs.</h2>

Which survey do I need?

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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><strong><br />CONTOUR SURVEY</strong></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><strong>1.<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></strong><strong>What is a Contour survey?</strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">A contour survey, also referred to as a detail and level survey, is a crucial initial step in the design process. It involves capturing comprehensive information about the existing features of a site, including trees, neighbouring properties, visible utilities, and easements. The surveyors also determine the precise location of property boundaries and existing buildings in relation to them. This survey provides essential insights into the topography and physical characteristics of the site, enabling engineers and designers to make informed decisions during the design phase. By conducting a contour survey, professionals can ensure compliance with legal requirements, optimize project layouts, and utilize the available space effectively. This survey serves as a vital reference point for various industries, including civil engineering, architecture, and land development, facilitating successful project outcomes.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><strong>2.<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></strong><strong>Why do you need a contour survey?</strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">A contour survey is an indispensable requirement for architects and designers as it serves as a foundation for the design process. Its significance lies in providing essential information about the site's topography, enabling professionals to make informed decisions regarding the layout and construction design. Additionally, determining the property boundaries and assessing the position of existing buildings in relation to them is a mandatory requirement imposed by most local councils. This ensures compliance with legal regulations and prevents any encroachments or infringements. By conducting a contour survey, architects and designers can accurately define the limits of the property and ensure that the proposed design aligns with the approved boundaries. It also facilitates effective communication with local authorities, streamlining the approval process. Overall, a contour survey plays a critical role in meeting regulatory obligations, supporting the design process, and ensuring adherence to legal requirements imposed by local councils.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>PRELIMINARY PLAN OF SUBDIVISION</strong></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2;"><strong>1.<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></strong><strong>What is a preliminary plan of subdivision?</strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">A preliminary plan of subdivision is a visual representation that outlines the proposed layout and configuration of new lots within a subdivision project. It provides a preliminary overview of the intended lot boundaries, setbacks, and the total area in square meters for each new lot. This plan serves as an initial blueprint for the subdivision, allowing stakeholders to visualize and assess the potential development. The preliminary plan of subdivision plays a crucial role in the early stages of land development projects, guiding further discussions, approvals, and design modifications before the finalization of the subdivision plan.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2;"><strong>2.<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></strong><strong>Why do you need a preliminary plan of subdivision?</strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">A preliminary plan of subdivision is essential when seeking subdivision consent for property division, such as a dual occupancy subdivision. This plan is a necessary component of the development application to be submitted to the Council. It provides a visual representation of the proposed subdivision, showcasing the intended layout and configuration of the divided lots. The preliminary plan of subdivision allows the Council to assess the feasibility and compliance of the proposed subdivision, ensuring it adheres to zoning regulations, setback requirements, and other relevant guidelines. By submitting a comprehensive preliminary plan of subdivision, property owners can facilitate the approval process and demonstrate their adherence to regulatory standards.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>PRELIMINARY STRATA PLAN</strong></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3;"><strong>1.<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></strong><strong>What is a preliminary strata plan?</strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">A preliminary strata plan is a visual representation that illustrates the layout of individual lots within a strata development. It includes details such as the allocation of car parking spaces, storage areas, and common property spaces within the development. This plan serves as an initial blueprint for the strata project, allowing stakeholders to understand the distribution of areas and facilities. The preliminary strata plan plays a crucial role in the early stages of strata development projects, assisting in discussions, approvals, and modifications before finalizing the strata plan. It provides a clear overview of the individual lots and shared spaces within the strata complex.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3;"><strong>2.<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></strong><strong>Why do you need a preliminary strata plan?</strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">A preliminary strata plan is a crucial requirement when seeking approval for strata subdivision from either the local council or a Strata Certifier. It must accompany the application to provide a visual representation of the proposed strata development. Additionally, preliminary strata plans are necessary to be included in contracts of sale, ensuring that buyers have detailed information about the specific lots, common areas, and amenities they are purchasing. This plan enables prospective buyers to make informed decisions and understand the layout and distribution of spaces within the strata complex. Overall, a preliminary strata plan is essential for obtaining approval and ensuring transparency in property transactions.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>PRE-ALLOCATED PLAN NUMBER</strong></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4;"><strong>1.<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></strong><strong>What is a pre-allocated plan number?</strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">A pre-allocated plan number is acquired by a Registered Surveyor from Land Registry Services for a specific type of plan, like a subdivision. This number is reserved to ensure its availability for future plan registration, providing security and identification for the upcoming plan.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4;"><strong>2.<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></strong><strong>Why do you need a pre-allocated plan number?</strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">A pre-allocated plan number is necessary to fulfill the requirements of Sydney Water for obtaining Section 73 compliance. It serves as a unique identifier and prerequisite to ensure proper coordination and compliance with Sydney Water regulations and guidelines during the development process.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>MEASURED BUILDING SURVEY</strong></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5;"><strong>1.<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></strong><strong>What is a Measured Building Survey?</strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">A Measured Building Survey, also known as an Internal Measured Building Survey or Measured Internal Survey, is a comprehensive process that involves creating accurate line drawings depicting the existing floor plan of a building. These surveys provide a detailed representation of the building's internal layout and features.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">The drawings generated from the survey can range from simple to highly detailed, depending on the specific requirements. They typically include crucial information such as overall area view, wall dimensions, square meters of each space, wall positions, floor levels, ceiling heights, door and window positions, staircases, electricity power points, and fixed furniture, among others.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Measured Building Surveys are essential for various purposes, including architectural design, space planning, renovations, and property management. They provide a clear understanding of the building's internal structure, facilitating accurate measurements, and enabling professionals to make informed decisions during the design and construction processes. Overall, Measured Building Surveys play a vital role in capturing the precise details and dimensions of a building's interior, aiding in efficient planning and utilization of the space.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; mso-add-space: auto; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo5;"><strong>2.<span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></strong><strong>Why you need a Measured Building Survey?</strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">A Measured Building Survey is essential for individuals who need to reconfigure internal layouts, extend their buildings, or obtain accurate dimensional drawings of their existing property. With this detailed information, individuals can effectively plan and optimize their office, home, or retail floor space. The survey provides accurate measurements of the existing structure, including walls, windows, doors, and furniture, enabling precise planning and visualization of potential design changes. Whether it's for renovations, space optimization, or architectural purposes, a Measured Building Survey is crucial in providing the necessary data to make informed decisions and ensure that any modifications align with the existing property's dimensions and features.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">&nbsp;</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>DETAIL AND LEVEL AND IDENTIFICATION SURVEY</strong></p>
<p style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6;"><strong>1. What is a detail and level and identification survey?</strong></p>
<p>A detail and level/identification survey is a comprehensive survey that captures all existing features of a property. It involves identifying and documenting various elements such as trees, neighbouring properties, visible services, and easements. Additionally, the surveyor takes precise level measurements across the land. The main objective is to determine the location of property boundaries and assess the positioning of existing buildings in relation to those boundaries. This survey provides a thorough understanding of the property's characteristics and serves as a crucial foundation for future design, construction, or land development projects.</p>
<p><strong>2. Why do you need a detail and level and identification survey?</strong></p>
<p>A detail and level/identification survey is essential as it fulfills the mandatory requirements set by architects/designers and local councils. It serves as a fundamental step in the design process, providing crucial information to architects and designers for their work. By accurately determining the property boundaries and the positioning of buildings in relation to them, this survey ensures compliance with local council regulations. It provides a comprehensive understanding of the property's existing features, enabling architects, designers, and local councils to make informed decisions, plan designs effectively, and ensure proper alignment with zoning regulations and building codes. Ultimately, a detail and level/identification survey is vital for a smooth and compliant design and construction process.</p>

STAGE A - Pre-Construction DA/CDC Approval

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<p><br /><strong>PEG OUT SURVEY</strong></p>
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<p><strong>1. What is a peg out survey?</strong></p>
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<p>A peg out survey involves the placement of marks on the corners of property boundaries or, if required, offset to assist with fencing. These marks serve as reference points for the footings or slabs of a new development. The surveyor precisely positions these marks to indicate the exact locations of the property boundaries, aiding in accurate construction and alignment of structures. A peg out survey ensures that the construction process adheres to the designated boundaries and facilitates the proper placement of footings or slabs, ensuring that the new development is built in the correct location within the property.</p>
<p><strong>2. Why do you need a peg out survey?</strong></p>
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<p>A peg out survey is essential for various construction projects, including granny flats, garages, outbuildings, extensions, duplexes, triplexes, and townhouses. It plays a critical role in marking the boundaries between your property and neighboring properties, ensuring compliance with property lines and legal requirements. When installing a new fence or constructing new dwellings, a peg out survey is necessary to accurately determine the exact location of the boundaries. By providing precise boundary markings, this survey enables proper alignment during construction, ensuring that structures are built within the designated property limits and avoiding potential boundary disputes or encroachments.</p>
<p><strong>3. What can NJB Surveying do for you?</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>NJB Surveying offers professional peg out survey services, with our three-tier quality control process, we ensure accurate and reliable results. We are committed to providing exceptional customer service, prioritizing your satisfaction throughout the surveying process. At NJB Surveying, we can assist you by accurately marking the boundaries for your construction projects, including granny flats, garages, outbuildings, extensions, duplexes, triplexes, and townhouses. Trust us to deliver reliable and comprehensive surveys, conducted by qualified professionals, and backed by our dedication to exceptional service.</p>
<p><strong><br />VOLUME OF EXCAVATION</strong></p>
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<p><strong>1. What is a volume of excavation?</strong></p>
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<p>A volume of excavation refers to the calculation of the quantity of soil that is removed from a construction site during the excavation phase. It involves determining the total volume of soil excavated, usually measured in cubic meters or cubic yards. The volume calculation takes into account the dimensions and contours of the excavated area to provide an accurate estimate of the amount of soil displaced. This information is crucial for various purposes, such as determining the cost of soil removal, assessing the impact on the site's topography, planning for soil disposal or backfilling, and ensuring compliance with regulatory requirements.</p>
<p><strong>2. Why do you need a volume of excavation?</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">A volume calculation report is essential when working with an excavation contractor, particularly in cases where a dispute arises between the builder and the excavator regarding the amount of soil that has been excavated. By having a detailed and accurate volume of excavation calculation, you can provide clear evidence of the quantity of soil removed from the site. This report helps in resolving disputes, ensuring fair and transparent agreements between the parties involved. It serves as an objective reference point, enabling informed decision-making, accurate cost assessments, and proper documentation during the construction process. Ultimately, a volume of excavation calculation provides clarity and helps maintain a smooth working relationship between the builder and the excavator.<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; font-weight: normal;"><br /></span></p>

STAGE B - Build and Construction Phase

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<p><br /><strong>WORK AS EXECUTED Storm Water</strong></p>
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<p><strong>1. What is a work as executed Storm Water?</strong></p>
<p>A work as executed Storm Water plan is a document that measures and represents the drainage system of a construction project. It involves taking detailed measurements of the installed drainage components and marking them in red ink on a copy of the approved drainage plan. The Work as Executed plan serves as a record of the actual installation, capturing any deviations or modifications made during the construction process. This document is then provided to the hydraulic and structural engineer for their compliance certificates, ensuring that the drainage system meets the required standards and specifications. The Work as Executed plan provides an accurate representation of the executed work, facilitating proper documentation and regulatory compliance.</p>
<p><strong>2. Why do you need work as executed Storm Water?</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>A work as executed Storm Water plan is a crucial requirement for development consent upon the completion of a drainage system. It is necessary before registering Section 88E documents and obtaining the Occupation Certificate. The OSD plan serves as an official record that verifies the actual execution of the drainage system in accordance with approved plans and specifications. By having a comprehensive OSD plan, regulatory authorities can ensure that the drainage system has been constructed correctly and meets the necessary standards. This documentation provides assurance to stakeholders, including future property owners and regulatory bodies, that the drainage system has been implemented as intended, promoting safety, compliance, and accountability in the construction process.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>IDENTIFICATION SURVEY AND REPORT</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>1. What is an identification survey and report?</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>An identification survey and report is a detailed document that provides information about the location and characteristics of a structure on a property. This survey accurately determines the roof height, floor level, and position of the structure in relation to the property boundaries. It also identifies the presence of any easements and highlights any encroachments onto neighbouring properties. The purpose of an identification survey and report is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the structure's placement and compliance with relevant regulations. This information is crucial for property owners, architects, and other stakeholders in making informed decisions regarding property development, renovations, or resolving potential boundary disputes.</p>
<p><strong>2. Why do you need an identification survey and report?</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>An identification survey and report is essential when purchasing a property to ensure a clear understanding of the property boundaries, structure placement, and compliance with regulations. It provides valuable information about any encroachments, easements, or illegal works that may exist on the property. This survey helps buyers make informed decisions and assess potential risks before finalizing a purchase. Additionally, an identification survey and report is required by the Council when illegal works have been carried out, and a building information certificate application is necessary. It helps verify the legality of the existing structures and aids in the regulatory compliance process.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>FINAL SURVEY AND REPORT</strong><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>1. &nbsp;What is a final survey and report?</strong></p>
<p>A final survey and report is a comprehensive assessment conducted after the completion of a newly built structure on a property. This survey accurately determines the location of the structure, including its roof height, floor level, and its position in relation to the property boundaries. It also identifies any encroachments onto neighbouring properties, ensuring compliance with legal requirements. The purpose of a final survey and report is to provide an official documentation of the newly constructed structure, verifying its alignment with approved plans and regulations. This information is crucial for property owners, architects, and authorities to ensure the accuracy and compliance of the completed project.</p>
<p><strong>2.&nbsp; Why do you need final survey and report?</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>A final survey and report are essential for obtaining the Occupation Certificate, as it is a mandatory requirement by the Principal Certifying Authority. This survey ensures that the newly constructed structure is in accordance with approved plans, regulations, and building codes. It verifies the accuracy of the structure's location, roof height, floor level, and its alignment with property boundaries. The final survey and report provide crucial evidence of compliance, ensuring the safety and legal conformity of the building. It serves as a quality control measure, providing assurance to authorities, property owners, and stakeholders that the construction has been completed to the required standards.<br /><br /></p>
<p><strong>BOUNDARY SURVEYS</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>Boundary Surveys in Sydney</strong></p>
<p>A boundary survey holds significant importance when it comes to diligent home ownership, particularly if you have plans for subdivision, extension, or improvement of your property in New South Wales. The primary objective of a boundary survey is to accurately determine and illustrate the legal boundaries of your land, typically by identifying the corners and limits of your plot. By obtaining a boundary survey, you can proactively prevent potential legal disputes with neighbouring property owners or local authorities, thereby avoiding unnecessary expenses and stress.</p>
<p>Additionally, your title and lending companies may require evidence of a professionally conducted boundary survey carried out by a registered land surveyor. This requirement aims to mitigate the risk associated with lending and ensure the accuracy of property boundaries. Consequently, it becomes essential to adhere to the correct procedures for obtaining a thorough and precise boundary survey for your property.</p>
<p>By engaging in the appropriate boundary survey process, you can gain a comprehensive understanding of your property's limits and protect your interests as a property owner.</p>
<p><strong>1. When do you need a boundary survey?</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>A boundary survey becomes crucial in facilitating informed decision-making during negotiations related to land division and pricing. There are various scenarios where the need for a boundary survey arises, such as conducting due diligence prior to a significant property purchase, especially if there are plans for development.</p>
<p>The most common application of boundary surveys is for the installation of new fencing. These surveys help clarify the exact property boundaries, determining the responsibility for fence maintenance or repair. Additionally, boundary surveys are often necessary when disputes arise between neighbours, such as cases involving illegal construction or encroachment onto each other's properties. By obtaining a boundary survey, you can obtain accurate and legally recognized information regarding your property's boundaries, helping to resolve conflicts and establish clear ownership rights.</p>
<p>In summary, a boundary survey is required when engaging in major property transactions, planning developments, installing new fencing, or addressing disputes concerning property boundaries. It serves as a valuable tool in protecting your interests and ensuring clarity and transparency in land-related matters.</p>
<p><strong>2. How does the boundary survey process work?</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>The boundary survey process is a systematic and thorough approach that typically consists of two main phases: research of land records and conducting a field survey on the property itself.</p>
<p>The process begins with the qualified surveyor thoroughly examining the deposited plans and title certificates related to the property. This in-depth review helps the surveyor gain a comprehensive understanding of the property's boundaries and ownership details. It provides essential information for accurately determining the legal limits of the property.</p>
<p>After the research phase, the surveyor proceeds to the field survey. They physically visit the property and take precise measurements on-site. Using specialized surveying equipment, the surveyor places physical markers at each corner of the boundary lines. They employ various measurement techniques to determine distances, angles, and other relevant data. This data is then carefully analysed and verified by the surveyor to ensure its accuracy and reliability.</p>
<p>The boundary survey process combines meticulous document analysis with hands-on fieldwork, allowing the surveyor to gather comprehensive information about the property's boundaries. By following this methodical approach, the surveyor can provide accurate and reliable results that serve as a crucial foundation for property transactions, developments, and resolving any boundary-related disputes.</p>
<p><strong>3. What&rsquo;s the outcome of a boundary survey?</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>The outcome of a boundary survey is the preparation of legally binding documents: the boundary survey report and sketch plan. These documents play a crucial role in defining the location of the boundary lines on the property. They are prepared by a qualified land surveyor in accordance with industry standards and comply with the requirements of the NSW Land Registry Services and the Board of Surveying and Spatial Information.</p>
<p>The boundary survey report and sketch plan serve as official records that accurately depict the boundaries of the property. They provide a clear visual representation of where the boundary lines are located, along with any relevant measurements and details. These documents are essential for property transactions, development projects, and resolving boundary disputes.</p>
<p>In the event of a boundary dispute, the boundary sketches prepared and signed by a registered surveyor hold significant legal weight. They can be used as evidence in court proceedings, and registered surveyors can also act as expert witnesses, providing their professional expertise and testimony to support the resolution of the dispute.</p>
<p>Overall, the outcome of a boundary survey is the production of precise and reliable documents that establish the location of the boundary lines, ensuring clarity, accuracy, and legal compliance in property-related matters.</p>
<p><strong>4. What happens if my property is &lsquo;limited title&rsquo;?</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>If your property is classified as a 'limited title', it means that the residential property lacks a properly defined location or clear boundaries. Typically, this applies to older properties, often found in areas like the Inner West, and is indicated on the Certificate of Title.</p>
<p>Having a limited title can create uncertainty and potential issues when it comes to property ownership and development. To address this, a Plan of Delimitation needs to be prepared by a qualified land surveyor. The Plan of Delimitation is a comprehensive survey that establishes the precise locations of the property boundaries. It involves a thorough investigation and measurement of the property's boundaries, ensuring accurate demarcation.</p>
<p>Once the Plan of Delimitation is completed, it is submitted and registered with the Land Registry Services. This process provides the property with clear and defined boundaries, resolving any ambiguity or lack of clarity associated with the limited title. It brings certainty to property ownership, enabling proper documentation, development, and legal transactions related to the property.</p>
<p>By obtaining a Plan of Delimitation and registering it with the appropriate authorities, you can ensure that your property's boundaries are accurately established, providing a solid foundation for future property dealings and reducing any potential disputes or uncertainties arising from the limited title status.</p>
<p><strong>5. How much does a boundary survey cost?</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>The cost of a boundary survey can vary depending on several factors specific to each property. It is difficult to provide an exact figure without gathering more information about the property. The size and location of the property play a role in determining the cost, as larger properties or those situated in remote areas may require more time and resources to survey. The presence of dense foliage or extensive greenery on the site can also affect the complexity of the survey and, consequently, the cost.</p>
<p>Additionally, the availability of information needed for the initial document research can influence the cost. Obtaining necessary records and documents related to the property may require additional time and effort.</p>
<p>While the cost can vary, it is important to note that boundary surveys are generally completed within a relatively short timeframe. At C&amp;A Surveyors, we strive to schedule an on-site visit within 48 hours of initial contact. The actual survey process can range from a few days to a couple of weeks, allowing sufficient time for meticulous planning, conducting the survey, and ensuring accuracy and quality through proper due diligence.</p>
<p>To obtain an accurate cost estimate for your specific property, it is recommended to contact us directly and provide the necessary details. We can then assess the specific requirements of your boundary survey and provide you with a tailored cost estimate based on your property's unique characteristics.</p>
<p><strong>6. Do I need a qualified NSW surveyor for my boundary survey?</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>Yes, it is essential to engage a qualified NSW surveyor for your boundary survey. Boundary surveys are directly related to the legal definition of a property or parcel of land, and they must adhere to the regulations set by the state of New South Wales. Only a registered surveyor possesses the necessary expertise, knowledge, and authority to conduct boundary surveys in compliance with NSW laws and regulations.</p>
<p>Hiring a qualified surveyor ensures that the survey is conducted accurately, following industry standards and guidelines. They have the technical skills and experience to properly define the boundaries of your property, establish precise measurements, and identify any encroachments or discrepancies. By relying on a registered surveyor, you minimize the risk of violating local codes, encountering landowner disputes, or facing potential title defects and ownership transfer issues.</p>
<p>Professional surveyors undergo rigorous training and are licensed by relevant authorities, guaranteeing their competency and adherence to professional standards. Their expertise and attention to detail provide assurance that the boundary survey will be conducted with precision and reliability.</p>
<p>To ensure the integrity and legality of your boundary survey, it is strongly recommended to engage a qualified NSW land surveyor who possesses the necessary qualifications, expertise, and accreditation to carry out the survey in accordance with the applicable regulations.</p>
<p><strong>7. Is the cost of a boundary survey worth it?</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>Undertaking a boundary survey is undoubtedly worth the cost, regardless of whether you are purchasing, selling, or involved in a property dispute. By engaging a professional and registered NSW land surveyor, you gain valuable peace of mind and numerous benefits.</p>
<p>Firstly, a properly conducted boundary survey ensures that you are legally constructing on your property, eliminating the risk of encroachments or violations of local codes and regulations. This protects your investment and helps avoid potential legal issues in the future.</p>
<p>Secondly, a boundary survey provides clear and accurate information about the boundary areas of your property. This knowledge is essential for making informed decisions regarding property development, extensions, or other improvements.</p>
<p>Additionally, a boundary survey serves as vital documentation in legal disputes. It provides the necessary evidence and support to resolve conflicts over property boundaries, ensuring fair resolutions and protecting your rights as a property owner.</p>
<p>Considering the potential consequences of not having a boundary survey, such as legal disputes, property disputes, and title defects, the cost of a professional survey is a worthwhile investment. It provides you with the confidence and assurance that your property interests are protected and that you have reliable and accurate information about your land boundaries.</p>
<p>While this article provides a general guideline, it is always recommended to assess your individual situation and consult with a professional surveyor to determine the specific benefits and value of a boundary survey for your property.</p>

STAGE C - Occupational Certificate Phase

stagedsubdivisionstrataandconsolidation

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<p><strong>PLAN OF SUBDIVISION</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>1. What is a plan of subdivision?</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>A plan of subdivision is a legal document that enables the creation of new parcels of land by dividing an existing property into two or more separate lots. It provides a clear and official representation of the boundaries, dimensions, and ownership of each individual lot within the subdivision. This plan is crucial for establishing and registering the newly created lots with the relevant land registry authorities, allowing for independent ownership and development of each subdivided portion of the property.</p>
<p><strong>2. Why do you need a plan of subdivision?</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>A plan of subdivision is essential to legally divide a property into multiple lots or units. It is required to obtain approval from the local council and to register the new parcels with the Land Registry Services. Without a plan of subdivision, you cannot proceed with the subdivision process and legally split your property. Whether it's for creating multiple residential lots or implementing a dual occupancy subdivision, a plan of subdivision is necessary to establish clear boundaries, ownership, and facilitate independent development of each subdivided portion of the property.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>PLAN OF REDEFINITION</strong></p>
<p><strong>1. What is a plan of redefinition?</strong></p>
<p>A plan of redefinition is a document that establishes new boundaries for a specific parcel of land. It serves as the foundation for the strata plan and defines the precise boundaries of individual lots within a strata development.</p>
<p><strong>2. Why do you need a plan of redefinition?</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>A plan of redefinition is necessary to meet the requirements of Land Registry Services for the registration of a new strata plan. It ensures accurate and legally defined boundaries are established for each individual lot within the strata development.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>PLAN OF DELIMITATION&nbsp;</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>1. What is a plan of delimitation?</strong></p>
<p>A plan of delimitation is a comprehensive survey process that examines the boundaries of a property using various survey data, such as deposited plans and State Survey Marks. The purpose is to determine and establish the accurate deed boundaries of the property. This involves comparing the existing boundaries with the current physical occupations on the ground. The plan of delimitation provides a clear and precise representation of the property's boundaries, ensuring legal compliance and resolving any boundary-related disputes.&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>2. Why do you need a plan of delimitation?</strong></p>
<p>A plan of delimitation is necessary when a property has a "limited title" clause on the Certificate of Title, indicating that the boundaries of the land have not been surveyed by the Surveyor General. In such cases, a plan of delimitation is required to investigate and establish the accurate boundaries of the property. This process ensures that the boundaries are properly defined and recorded, providing clarity and certainty regarding the property's extent and avoiding any potential boundary disputes or uncertainties in the future.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><strong>DUAL OCCUPANCY</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>1. What is a Dual Occupancy?</strong></p>
<p>A Dual Occupancy refers to the construction of two residential dwellings on a single legal lot of land. This can take the form of attached dwellings, where the units share a common wall and are often referred to as duplexes, or detached dwellings, where the units are separate and independent structures. Dual Occupancy developments provide the opportunity to maximize land utilization and accommodate multiple households on a single property. Whether it's a duplex or detached configuration, a Dual Occupancy allows for increased housing density and the potential for rental income or multigenerational living arrangements.</p>
<p style="padding-left: 40px;"><strong>1.1. Dual Occupancy Subdivision</strong></p>
<p style="padding-left: 40px;">A Dual Occupancy subdivision involves the legal division of a property with two residential dwellings into two or more separate lots. The main consideration in this process is determining the eligible method of subdivision. There are two common methods for Dual Occupancy subdivision: Torrens Title Subdivision and Strata Subdivision. Torrens Title Subdivision creates individual lots with their own titles and boundaries, while Strata Subdivision involves dividing the property into separate strata units, each with its own title and shared ownership of common areas. The choice of subdivision method depends on factors such as local regulations, property characteristics, and the desired ownership structure for the subdivided lots.</p>
<p><strong>2.&nbsp; What is Torrens Title Subdivision?</strong></p>
<p>Torrens Title Subdivision is a process that involves legally dividing a property into two or more separate lots, each with independent ownership and individual titles. In this type of subdivision, there is no shared or common property among the lots. Each lot becomes its own distinct and self-contained entity, allowing for separate ownership and management. Torrens Title Subdivision provides clear boundaries and ownership rights for each individual lot, facilitating independent ownership and transfer of property without any shared responsibilities or obligations. It is a common method used to create separate and distinct properties within a larger parcel of land.</p>
<p style="padding-left: 40px;">&nbsp;<strong>2.1. Strata Subdivision</strong></p>
<p style="padding-left: 40px;">Strata Subdivision is a process of dividing a property into individual lots, along with the allocation of common property, to enable separate ownership of each lot within a building or development. Each lot owner has exclusive ownership of their individual lot and shares collective ownership of the common property, which includes areas like stairwells, driveways, and other shared spaces. Under a Strata Plan, owners collectively manage and maintain the common property, while also having the freedom to make changes and improvements to their individual lots. Unlike Torrens Title Subdivision, Strata Subdivision does not have minimum lot size requirements, making it a flexible option for multi-unit developments and apartment buildings.</p>
<p><strong>3. How long does subdividing my Dual Occupancy take?</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>The timeline for subdividing a Dual Occupancy property can vary depending on several factors, including the method of subdivision and the approving authorities involved.</p>
<p>For Torrens Title Subdivision, the process typically takes between 3 to 6 months for approval from the local council. The duration can be influenced by factors such as the workload of the council, requests for additional information, the complexity of the property, and whether the subdivision is part of a combined construction development application. The time required for the subdivision to be registered with Land Registry Services is specific to each site and can be influenced by factors like construction requirements, drainage work, and the time taken for council and mortgagees to provide consent.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">On the other hand, the timeline for Strata Subdivision can be faster if approved by a Strata Certifier, generally taking up to three weeks. However, if the approval is issued by the local council, it can take up to three months, especially if combined with a construction approval. The process of registering the Strata Subdivision with Land Registry Services is also dependent on various factors, such as the need for construction as per the development approval, consent from council and mortgagees, and the time taken by Land Registry Servic<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; font-weight: normal;">es to register the plan and issue separate Certificates of Title.</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">It's important to note that these timelines are estimates and can vary depending on the specific circumstances of each individual site and the efficiency of the involved parties. Engaging experienced professionals, such as land surveyors and consultants, can help streamline the subdivision process and ensure compliance with the necessary regulations and requirements. They can guide you through the steps, assist with documentation, and help expedite the approval and registration processes, ultimately reducing the overall time required for subdividing your Dual Occupancy property.</p>

STAGE D - Subdivision, Strata and Consolidation

Subdivision, Strata and Consolidation Phase

stageelodgementstoauthorities

<p><br /><strong>LODGEMENTS TO LAND REGISTRY SERVICES</strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p>When it comes to registering items like easements, restrictions, or plans such as subdivisions, the process involves lodging them with Land Registry Services. Registered Surveyors are responsible for preparing these plans, and they are typically submitted electronically through the designated lodgement portal of Land Registry Services. <br /><br />This digital submission streamlines the process and ensures efficient handling of the necessary documentation and information. By leveraging technology and the expertise of Registered Surveyors, the registration process can be carried out accurately and seamlessly, enabling the proper recording and updating of title information in a timely manner.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">NJB Surveying can assist you with the lodgement process to Land Registry Services. As experienced and registered surveyors, we have the knowledge and expertise to prepare and submit the necessary plans and documentation electronically through the designated portal. Whether you need to register items like easements, restrictions, or complete plans such as subdivisions, we can handle the entire process for you. Our team is well-versed in the requirements of Land Registry Services, ensuring accurate and efficient lodgement of your documents. <br /><br />With our attention to detail and commitment to quality, you can rely on us to navigate the lodgement process smoothly, saving you time and ensuring compliance with the necessary regulations. Trust NJB Surveying to handle your lodgements to Land Registry Services with professionalism and expertise.<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Calibri',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; font-weight: normal;"><br /></span></p>

STAGE E - Lodgements to Authorities

ourprojects

<h3>Clicking on the links below will provide more information about the current and past projects that NJB Surveying has provided services to. If you have any questions about any of the projects, please feel free to call us on <a style="text-decoration: underline;" href="tel:+61414642411" target="_blank" rel="noopener">0414 642 411</a> (click to call) or send us a message in the form below and we will respond as soon as possible.</h3>
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Our Projects

contactnjb

<p>Please contact us via the options below including the Contact NJB form at the bottom of this page, and we will respond as soon as possible. The offices of NJB Surveying are located in Padstow in Sydney, where we operate by appointment only.</p>
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<div class="col-sm-5 align-self-center"><strong>ADDRESS</strong><br />Suite 3, 1 Faraday Road<br />Padstow NSW 2211<br />(by appointment only)<br /><br /><strong>PRINCIPAL SURVEYOR</strong><br />Nathan Barakat<br />Director<br />Phone:&nbsp; <a href="tel:0414%20642%20411">0414 642 411</a><br />Email:&nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="mailto:nathan@njbsurveying.com.au">nathan@njbsurveying.com.au</a><br />&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<em>(click to call or email)</em><br /><br /><strong>ACCOUNTS AND ADMINISTRATION</strong><br />Margarita Marin<br />Phone:&nbsp; <a href="tel:0406%20738%20815">0406 738 815</a><br />Email:&nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="mailto:accounts@njbsurveying.com.au">accounts@njbsurveying.com.au</a><br />&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<em>(click to call or email)</em><br />&nbsp;</div>
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<p style="text-align: left;"><strong>INTERACTIVE STREETVIEW<br /></strong><a title="Streetview" href="https://www.google.com/maps/@-33.9533537,151.0346022,0a,42.9y,180.86h,89.51t/data=!3m4!1e1!3m2!1sgWVFpdoxhcXn5DBdk0_0Pg!2e0?source=apiv3" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Click here</span></a> or on the 360-degree image to see an interactive street view of where the NJB Surveying office is located in Padstow in Sydney.<br /><br />You will be able to see the surrounding streets and buildings in a 360-degree interactive view which you can navigate, making it easier for you to find the NJB Surveying&nbsp;office if visiting us in person (by appointment only).</p>
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Contact NJB

integrationofgeographicinformationsystemsgisandsurveyingincivilengineering

<div>Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and surveying are two powerful disciplines that play a crucial role in civil engineering projects. While surveying provides accurate measurements and data collection on the ground, GIS enables the storage, analysis, and visualization of geospatial information. The integration of GIS and surveying in civil engineering offers significant benefits, enhancing project planning, design, and decision-making processes. In this article, we will explore how the synergy between GIS and surveying revolutionizes civil engineering practices and leads to improved project outcomes.</div>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<h2>Enhanced Data Collection and Management</h2>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>Surveying provides the foundation for collecting precise and accurate data about the physical environment. From topographic surveys to boundary delineation, surveying captures crucial information necessary for civil engineering projects. By integrating survey data into GIS, engineers can create comprehensive geospatial databases that store not only survey measurements but also other relevant information such as land use, infrastructure networks, and environmental factors. GIS enables efficient data management, organization, and retrieval, empowering engineers to access and analyse geospatial data with ease.</div>
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<h2>Spatial Analysis and Visualization</h2>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>GIS offers powerful analytical capabilities that complement surveying data in civil engineering projects. By overlaying survey data onto GIS platforms, engineers can perform spatial analysis to identify patterns, relationships, and potential conflicts. For example, combining survey measurements with GIS allows for slope analysis, hydrological modelling, and site suitability assessments. Additionally, GIS enables the visualization of survey data through maps, charts, and 3D models, facilitating better understanding and communication of complex geospatial information to stakeholders and decision-makers.</div>
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<h2>Improved Project Planning and Design</h2>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>The integration of GIS and surveying enables engineers to make informed decisions during project planning and design phases. By analysing survey data within a GIS environment, engineers can assess the impact of proposed designs on the existing environment, identify constraints, and optimize design solutions. GIS tools can perform proximity analysis, viewshed analysis, and spatial buffering, aiding in route selection, land allocation, and infrastructure layout. The ability to integrate survey data with other geospatial information in GIS ensures a holistic approach to project planning and design.</div>
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<h2>Asset Management and Maintenance</h2>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>GIS and surveying integration plays a vital role in asset management and maintenance throughout the lifecycle of civil engineering projects. By capturing survey data and linking it to asset attributes in a GIS database, engineers can effectively track, monitor, and manage infrastructure assets such as roads, bridges, and utility networks. GIS-based asset management systems enable better decision-making regarding maintenance schedules, inspections, and resource allocation. This integration helps optimize asset performance, extend asset lifespan, and reduce maintenance costs over time.</div>
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<h2>Decision Support and Collaboration</h2>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
<div>The combination of GIS and surveying provides decision support and facilitates collaboration among various stakeholders involved in civil engineering projects. GIS platforms allow engineers, planners, and policymakers to access, analyse, and visualize survey data, supporting evidence-based decision-making. Additionally, the shared geospatial database and mapping capabilities of GIS enable effective communication and collaboration among multidisciplinary teams. By providing a common platform for data sharing and visualization, GIS enhances coordination, reduces errors, and improves project outcomes.</div>
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<h2>Conclusion</h2>
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<div>The integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and surveying brings significant advantages to civil engineering projects. The combination of precise survey measurements with GIS capabilities enhances data collection, analysis, visualization, and decision-making processes. GIS empowers engineers with tools for spatial analysis, asset management, and collaboration, leading to improved project planning, design accuracy, and infrastructure management. The seamless integration of GIS and surveying in civil engineering sets the stage for more sustainable, efficient, and informed decision-making in the field.</div>

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Integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Surveying in Civil Engineering

innovationsinsurveyingadvancingcivilengineeringpractices

<div>Surveying is an integral component of civil engineering projects, providing the foundation for accurate design, construction, and maintenance of infrastructure. With the rapid advancement of technology, new methods and tools have emerged, revolutionizing traditional surveying practices. In this article, we will explore some of the innovative methods that are transforming surveying in civil engineering, enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and productivity in the industry.</div>
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<h2>LiDAR Technology</h2>
<div>Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology has revolutionized the way surveys are conducted in civil engineering. LiDAR uses laser pulses to measure distances and create highly accurate three-dimensional models of terrain, structures, and objects. This technology enables rapid data acquisition, even in challenging environments, and provides detailed information for topographic mapping, infrastructure design, and construction planning. LiDAR surveys offer significant time and cost savings compared to traditional surveying methods.</div>
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<h2>Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs)</h2>
<div>Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, commonly known as drones, have become valuable tools in civil engineering surveying. Equipped with high-resolution cameras, LiDAR sensors, and other imaging technologies, drones can efficiently capture aerial images, create digital elevation models, and perform topographic surveys. UAV surveys are particularly useful for large-scale projects, inaccessible or hazardous areas, and monitoring construction progress. The versatility and cost-effectiveness of drones have made them indispensable in modern surveying practices.</div>
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<h2>Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)</h2>
<div>Global Navigation Satellite Systems, such as the Global Positioning System (GPS), have greatly improved surveying accuracy and efficiency. GNSS technology allows surveyors to determine precise positions and measurements by receiving signals from multiple satellites. Real-time kinematic (RTK) and post-processing techniques enable centimetre-level accuracy in positioning, making GNSS invaluable for geodetic surveys, control networks, and construction layout. Integration of GNSS with other surveying technologies enhances productivity and streamlines data collection processes.</div>
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<h2>Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS)</h2>
<div>Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) is another cutting-edge surveying method transforming civil engineering practices. TLS uses a laser scanner to capture high-density point cloud data, generating detailed 3D models of objects and structures. This technology enables rapid and precise measurement of complex geometries, including buildings, bridges, and tunnels. TLS surveys are instrumental in deformation analysis, clash detection, and creating as-built documentation. The integration of TLS with other surveying techniques enhances data accuracy and supports efficient project management.</div>
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<h2>Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR)</h2>
<div>Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies are increasingly being used in surveying to visualize and analyse data in immersive environments. VR allows surveyors to experience a project's design and site conditions before construction, aiding in design validation and stakeholder communication. AR overlays virtual information onto the real-world environment, enabling surveyors to visualize underground utilities, structural elements, and other hidden features. VR and AR enhance collaboration, decision-making, and safety in surveying and construction processes.</div>
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<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<div>The advent of innovative surveying methods is transforming civil engineering practices, empowering professionals with advanced tools and techniques. LiDAR technology, UAVs, GNSS, TLS, and VR/AR are revolutionizing data acquisition, accuracy, and analysis. These methods offer enhanced efficiency, reduced project timelines, and improved decision-making in civil engineering projects. By embracing these advancements and integrating them into workflows, surveyors can unlock new possibilities and achieve better outcomes in infrastructure development. The continued exploration and adoption of innovative surveying methods are essential for the sustainable growth of the civil engineering industry.</div>

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Innovations in Surveying: Advancing Civil Engineering Practices

theindispensableroleofsurveyinginconstructionprojects

<div>Construction projects are intricate endeavours that require meticulous planning, precise execution, and efficient management. At the core of any successful construction project lies the critical discipline of surveying. Surveying plays an indispensable role in the construction industry, providing crucial information, measurements, and data that lay the foundation for accurate design, efficient construction, and long-term project success. In this article, we will explore the importance of surveying in construction and how it contributes to the overall success of a project.</div>
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<h2>Accurate Site Analysis and Planning</h2>
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<div>One of the primary reasons surveying is vital in construction is its ability to provide accurate site analysis and planning. Before any construction work begins, surveyors conduct detailed surveys of the site, mapping out its physical features, boundaries, and existing infrastructure. This information is essential for designing the project layout, determining the optimal placement of structures, and identifying any potential challenges or constraints.</div>
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<h2>Precise Measurement and Layout</h2>
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<div>Surveying ensures precise measurement and layout of construction projects. Surveyors use advanced equipment and techniques to establish reference points, control networks, and accurate measurements. This data is critical for setting out the layout of buildings, foundations, roads, utilities, and other project components. By ensuring precise measurements and layout, surveying helps prevent errors, inconsistencies, and costly rework during construction.</div>
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<h2>Construction Control and Quality Assurance</h2>
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<div>During the construction phase, surveying plays a vital role in construction control and quality assurance. Surveyors verify that the construction work aligns with the planned design and meets specified tolerances and standards. They monitor and provide guidance on critical elements such as building alignment, verticality, and proper placement of structural elements. By conducting regular surveys and inspections, surveyors help maintain construction quality and adherence to project specifications.</div>
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<h2>Monitoring and Mitigating Risks</h2>
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<div>Surveying is crucial for monitoring and mitigating risks in construction projects. Surveyors employ advanced technologies such as geodetic monitoring, laser scanning, and drones to assess and monitor the structural stability, settlement, deformation, and movement of the project site. This information allows project teams to identify potential risks, make informed decisions, and take corrective measures to ensure safety and structural integrity throughout the construction process.</div>
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<h2>As-Built Documentation and Asset Management</h2>
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<div>After construction is completed, surveying plays a vital role in creating accurate as-built documentation and asset management. Surveyors capture and document the final layout and dimensions of the constructed project, creating reliable records for future reference. This information is essential for facility management, maintenance, renovations, and future expansions. Accurate as-built documentation facilitates efficient decision-making and reduces uncertainties during the project lifecycle.</div>
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<h2>Conclusion</h2>
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<div>Surveying is an integral part of the construction industry, providing crucial data, measurements, and analysis that shape the success of construction projects. From accurate site analysis and planning to precise measurement and layout, construction control, risk monitoring, and as-built documentation, surveying ensures efficient and high-quality construction outcomes. By employing the expertise of professional surveyors and leveraging advanced technologies, construction projects can benefit from improved accuracy, reduced risks, enhanced project management, and long-term cost savings. Surveying remains an indispensable discipline that underpins the success and sustainability of the construction industry.</div>

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The Indispensable Role of Surveying in Construction Projects

surveyinginsydneyuncoveringthecityspastpresentandfuture

<div>Sydney, the vibrant capital city of New South Wales, Australia, is renowned for its iconic landmarks, stunning waterfront, and diverse culture. Beneath the surface of this bustling metropolis lies a hidden world of surveying and geospatial technology, which plays a crucial role in shaping the city's development, infrastructure, and future planning. In this article, we will explore the significance of surveying in Sydney, its historical importance, current applications, and its role in shaping the city's future.</div>
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<h2>The Historical Importance of Surveying in Sydney</h2>
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<div>Surveying has been an integral part of Sydney's history since its colonial days. In 1788, when the First Fleet arrived in Port Jackson, surveyors played a vital role in mapping the land and determining suitable sites for settlement. They established the layout of the city, designed streets, and demarcated land boundaries, laying the foundation for the city we see today.</div>
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<div>One of the most iconic surveying projects was the creation of the famous Macquarie Street in the early 19th century. Surveyor John Oxley, under the direction of Governor Lachlan Macquarie, designed this grand avenue, lined with beautiful historical buildings, including the Parliament House, the Mint, and the Hyde Park Barracks.</div>
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<h2>Surveying Technologies and Modern Applications</h2>
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<div>Fast forward to the present day, and surveying has evolved significantly with the advent of advanced technologies. Today's surveyors use state-of-the-art equipment, such as GPS (Global Positioning System), LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), and drones, to gather precise data about the city's terrain, infrastructure, and development projects.</div>
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<div>GPS technology enables surveyors to obtain accurate positioning data, which is invaluable for infrastructure planning, construction projects, and environmental monitoring. LiDAR, on the other hand, uses laser pulses to create high-resolution 3D maps of the city's topography, aiding in flood risk assessments and urban planning. Drones have become an essential tool for capturing aerial imagery, conducting inspections, and monitoring construction sites with ease and efficiency.</div>
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<h2>Infrastructure Development and Urban Planning</h2>
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<div>Surveying plays a crucial role in the development of Sydney's infrastructure. Before embarking on major construction projects like roads, bridges, and tunnels, detailed land surveys are conducted to assess the feasibility of the project, identify potential challenges, and ensure compliance with existing regulations.</div>
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<div>Furthermore, surveying is instrumental in urban planning initiatives. As Sydney continues to grow, smart city planning requires accurate data on population density, land use, transportation patterns, and environmental factors. Surveyors provide the necessary information to city planners, enabling them to make informed decisions about zoning, public transportation, and green spaces.</div>
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<h2>Preserving Sydney's Heritage</h2>
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<div>Beyond the realm of new developments, surveying also contributes to preserving Sydney's rich heritage. Historical sites and buildings are often subject to surveying and documentation to maintain their authenticity and protect them for future generations. This process involves creating detailed records, 3D models, and digital archives to ensure that the city's heritage remains intact.</div>
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<h2>Conclusion</h2>
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<div>Surveying in Sydney is more than just drawing lines and measuring distances; it is the heartbeat of the city's growth and transformation. From its historical significance in the colonial era to its modern applications using cutting-edge technology, surveying continues to shape Sydney's landscape and pave the way for a sustainable and prosperous future. As the city embraces innovation and development, surveyors will remain indispensable in ensuring that Sydney remains a world-class destination with a vibrant past, a thriving present, and a promising future.</div>

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Surveying in Sydney - Uncovering the City's Past, Present, and Future

surveyinginsydneymappingtheurbanlandscape

<div>Sydney, the vibrant capital city of New South Wales, Australia, is known for its iconic landmarks, bustling streets, and diverse urban landscape. Behind the scenes, surveyors play a crucial role in shaping the city's development and ensuring the efficient and accurate mapping of its infrastructure. In this article, we will explore the field of surveying in Sydney, highlighting its importance, applications, and the challenges faced by surveyors in this dynamic metropolis.<br /><br /></div>
<h2>The Role of Surveyors</h2>
<div>Surveyors are professionals trained in the measurement, mapping, and analysis of land, air, and water environments. In Sydney, surveyors play a vital role in various stages of urban development, from initial planning and design to construction and maintenance. They are responsible for accurately determining land boundaries, creating detailed topographic maps, and providing precise measurements for infrastructure projects.<br /><br /></div>
<h2>Applications of Surveying in Sydney</h2>
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<li>Land Development: Surveyors are instrumental in land subdivision and development projects. They identify and measure parcels of land, establish property boundaries, and provide essential information for land registration and titling.<br /><br /></li>
<li>Urban Planning: Surveying helps urban planners understand the existing urban fabric, assess land suitability, and develop sustainable urban environments. Surveyors provide critical data on elevation, contours, and natural features, enabling informed decisions about infrastructure placement, zoning regulations, and environmental considerations.<br /><br /></li>
<li>Construction and Infrastructure: Surveyors play a crucial role in the construction industry. They provide accurate measurements for site preparation, stake out building foundations, and monitor construction progress to ensure compliance with design specifications.&nbsp;<br /><br /></li>
<li>Transportation Planning: Sydney's transportation infrastructure is constantly evolving. Surveyors contribute to transportation planning by conducting traffic studies, measuring road alignments, and assessing terrain conditions. This information helps optimize traffic flow, identify potential hazards, and plan for future developments such as road expansions and public transit systems.<br /><br /></li>
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<h2>Challenges Faced by Surveyors in Sydney</h2>
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<li>Urban Density: Sydney's population growth and urban density pose challenges for surveyors. High-rise buildings, narrow streets, and complex infrastructure networks make it difficult to access and accurately measure certain areas. Surveyors must employ advanced technologies, such as laser scanners and aerial imagery, to overcome these challenges.<br /><br /></li>
<li>Changing Regulatory Environment: Surveyors in Sydney must keep up with evolving land surveying regulations and standards. Compliance with local and state laws is crucial to ensure accuracy, consistency, and legal validity of surveying data. 1<br /><br /></li>
<li>Environmental Considerations: Sydney's unique natural environment, including its coastline, rivers, and national parks, requires surveyors to navigate environmental sensitivities. They must consider factors such as erosion, floodplains, and protected species habitats when conducting surveys in these areas.<br /><br /></li>
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<h2>Conclusion</h2>
<div>Surveying is an indispensable profession in shaping the urban landscape of Sydney. The accurate measurement, mapping, and analysis provided by surveyors enable efficient land development, urban planning, construction, and transportation systems. Despite the challenges posed by urban density and a changing regulatory environment, surveyors in Sydney continue to play a crucial role in ensuring the city's sustainable growth and development.</div>

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